v. Equivalence point-the point where the moles of hydrogen ions are exactly equal to the moles of hydroxide ions
w. Bronsted-Lowry Base- a hydrogen ion acceptor (includes OH- and a few more substances)
x. Single Replacement Reaction- a reaction in which the atoms of one element replace the atoms of a second element in a compound
y. Standard Temperature and Pressure(STP)- 0 degrees C and 1 atm
z. Ionic Bond- the force of attraction binding oppositely attracted ions together
aa. beta particles- radiation that can be stopped by a sheet of aluminum foil
bb. sigma bond- a covalent bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared
cc. titration- process of adding an known amount of solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution
dd. Saturated solution- solution containing maximum amount of solute
ee. Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Lithium (Li), Carbon (C), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au)- a list of metals in order of decreasing reactivity
ff. Mole-the SI unit used to measure the amount of substance
gg. Anion-atom or group of atoms having a negative charge
hh. Coordinate Covalent Bond- A covalent bond in which the shared electron pair comes from only one of the atoms
ii. Control Rods- a feature of nuclear reactors that slows the neutrons in the core to help sustain and control the reactions occurring
jj. Bonding Orbital- molecular orbital that can be occupied by two electrons of a covalent bond
kk. Avogadro’s number (6.022X10^-23)- the number of represented particles of a substance present in 1 mole of that substance
ll. Nuclear radiation- the particle emitted by an unstable nucleus when a neutron breaks apart into a proton
mm. Colligative Property- a property of a solution that varies based on the amount of solute added
nn. Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure- a mixture of gases exerts the same amount of pressure as the sum of the pressures exerted by individual gasses
oo. Gamma Radiation- type of radiation that does not alter the mass number or atomic number of the parent nucleus
Great Job Cate! Most of these answers look right, but I would like to correct/add just a couple things.
ReplyDeletekk) Avogadro's number is 6.022 X 10^23, not a negative 23.
y) Standard Temperature and Pressure: The standard temperature is 273.15 K, which is used a lot when converting from celsius to kelvins. This is used a lot in gas, pressure, and temperature laws. You are right that 273.15 Kelvin = 0 degress celsius and that 101.325 kPa = 1.00 atm, but I think for standard temperature it is always supposed to be in Kelvins.
nn) Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure: putting the words you gave into a formula: Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3
ii) control rods: The purpose of control rods is to help sustain and control the reactions occurring, and they do this by absorbing neutrons. Adding onto your definition, control rods can be inserted or withdrawn from the reactor core in order to control the rate of reaction. When inserted into the core, they absorb a large amount of neutrons and slow down the process of fission. When they are pulled out of the core, fewer neutrons are absorbed, therefore speeding up the fission process.
Standard temperature is 273.15 K and Avogradro's number is 6.022x10^23
ReplyDeleteother than those you did good.
Great job, Cate. One mistake that I noticed that is not listed above is on "w". On the final review, "w" is listed as "can accept an electron pair". The answer to this statement would be a Lewis acid. Above, although your definition is correct for the term you listed, you defined a Brønsted-Lowry base. Overall, however, good answers.
ReplyDeleteCate you did an amazing job!! I agree that your standard temperature should be 273.15 and that Avogadro's number should not have a negative exponent. Also I think that that writing your definitions in a more compact, comprehendible way would have been helpful. For example, like Christina said, for Dalton's partial law give the equation that corresponds with the definition (Ptotal=P1+P2...). Overall great job and this helped me a lot!!
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ReplyDeleteI just noticed that ee is not in the correct order. It should be Li, K, Ca, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Cr, Fe, Ni, Sn, Pd, H, Cu, Hg, Ag, H, Pt, Au as seen on the activity series handout for chemical reactions.
ReplyDeleteLL is asking for a specific particle released by an unstable nucleus that forms a proton from a neutron. More specifically, when this process happens, "electrons" are released.
ReplyDeleteGreat job Cate!! All of your definitions were very well organized. The only thing I noticed was that your standard temperature should be 273.15 degrees Kelvin. Also, Avogadro's number is 6.022X10^23; there is no negative exponent. Other than those small errors, your definitions were very helpful!
ReplyDeleteGood Job Cate! Everything has really already been said. Advogadro's number shouldnt have a negative exponent, and ST is always in kelvins. Also w, should be a Lewis acid.
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