v. Equivalence point-the point where the moles of hydrogen ions are exactly equal to the moles of hydroxide ions
w. Bronsted-Lowry Base- a hydrogen ion acceptor (includes OH- and a few more substances)
x. Single Replacement Reaction- a reaction in which the atoms of one element replace the atoms of a second element in a compound
y. Standard Temperature and Pressure(STP)- 0 degrees C and 1 atm
z. Ionic Bond- the force of attraction binding oppositely attracted ions together
aa. beta particles- radiation that can be stopped by a sheet of aluminum foil
bb. sigma bond- a covalent bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared
cc. titration- process of adding an known amount of solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution
dd. Saturated solution- solution containing maximum amount of solute
ee. Potassium (K), Sodium (Na), Lithium (Li), Carbon (C), Magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au)- a list of metals in order of decreasing reactivity
ff. Mole-the SI unit used to measure the amount of substance
gg. Anion-atom or group of atoms having a negative charge
hh. Coordinate Covalent Bond- A covalent bond in which the shared electron pair comes from only one of the atoms
ii. Control Rods- a feature of nuclear reactors that slows the neutrons in the core to help sustain and control the reactions occurring
jj. Bonding Orbital- molecular orbital that can be occupied by two electrons of a covalent bond
kk. Avogadro’s number (6.022X10^-23)- the number of represented particles of a substance present in 1 mole of that substance
ll. Nuclear radiation- the particle emitted by an unstable nucleus when a neutron breaks apart into a proton
mm. Colligative Property- a property of a solution that varies based on the amount of solute added
nn. Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure- a mixture of gases exerts the same amount of pressure as the sum of the pressures exerted by individual gasses
oo. Gamma Radiation- type of radiation that does not alter the mass number or atomic number of the parent nucleus
